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	<title>Pablo Helguera &#187; Video</title>
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		<title>Paradise (2005-09)</title>
		<link>http://pablohelguera.net/2009/02/paradise-2005-09/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2009 18:22:54 +0000</pubDate>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pablohelguera.net/?p=789</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
Paradise (2005-2009)
3-channel video installation, 8:30 min.
Black and White, silent



Paradise was commissioned by the Bronx Museum for the Grand Concourse exhibition. This work resulted from  researching the history of three buildings on the Grand Concourse that contain particularly unique stories. The first of them is the Paradise Theater, a grand palace cinema theater which opened in [...]]]></description>
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<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Paradise (2005-2009)<br />
</strong>3-channel video installation, 8:30 min.<br />
Black and White, silent</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><br />
</strong></p>
<p><em><a rel="attachment wp-att-790" href="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/composite-flat.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-790" title="composite-flat" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/composite-flat-400x300.jpg" alt="composite-flat" width="400" height="300" /></a></em></p>
<p><em>Paradise </em>was commissioned by the Bronx Museum for the Grand Concourse exhibition. This work resulted from  researching the history of three buildings on the Grand Concourse that contain particularly unique stories. The first of them is the Paradise Theater, a grand palace cinema theater which opened in 1929, a few weeks before the stock market crash that led to the Great Depression. The Paradise, which went through many periods and narrowly escaped demolition, remains as one of the sole survivors of the great “atmospheric” palace theater era, and retains a powerful symbolism for Bronx residents as a place of escape and leisure during hard times.  The second building addressed  is the Andrew Freedman Home, another palatial building of sorts, located just across the street from the Bronx Museum. The Freedman Home was a luxurious retirement place for people who had once been millionaires but had lost their fortunes, providing its residents with fully covered accommodations at no cost. The idea behind this residence was in the will of Andrew Freedman, a quiet and eccentric New York transportation mogul who believed that those who had once experienced wealth would need greater comfort than others who had always lived in poverty. Over the years, the home functioned as originally intended by its founder, although in later decades the endowment of the institution was reduced and eventually transformed it into a regular community center. Like the Paradise Theater, the Andrew Freedman home languished over the years and greatly deteriorated, going from being an impressive structure to a decayed and seemingly abandoned building.</p>
<p>The last building in the project is the Edgar Allan Poe Cottage, a small 19th century house located at Kingsbridge Road and Grand Concourse where Poe spent the last years of his life and wrote some of his best known works such as “Eureka”, “Annabel Lee”, and “The Bells”.  Poe moved to this house in 1846,  a time when the Bronx was a bucolic area, with the intent of finding a restful haven for his young wife, Virginia, who has ill and he hoped would benefit from the country air. Virginia Clemm was Poe’s cousin and had married him still as a child, at age 14. Virginia’s health deteriorated and she died of Tuberculosis in January of 1847.<br />
The texts that appear in the video relating to this house belong to Poe’s own writing around that time (“Landor’s Cottage” (1849) which is believed to be directly inspired in his Fordham cottage) as well as the only poem known to have been written by Virginia Poe— a Valentine poem written in the style of an acrostic (a poem that spells out the phrase “Edgar Allan Poe” if one reads the first letter of every line):</p>
<p><em><strong>E </strong>ver with thee I wish to roam -<br />
<strong>D</strong> earest my life is thine.<br />
<strong>G</strong> ive me a cottage for my home<br />
<strong>A </strong>nd a rich old cypress vine,<br />
<strong>R </strong>emoved from the world with its sin and care<br />
<strong>A</strong> nd the tattling of many tongues.<br />
<strong>L</strong> ove alone shall guide us when we are there -<br />
<strong>L</strong> ove shall heal my weakened lungs;<br />
<strong>A </strong>nd Oh, the tranquil hours we&#8217;ll spend,<br />
<strong>N </strong>ever wishing that others may see!<br />
<strong>P</strong> erfect ease we&#8217;ll enjoy, without thinking to lend<br />
<strong>O </strong>urselves to the world and its glee -<br />
<strong>E</strong> ver peaceful and blissful we&#8217;ll be.</em></p>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Historias de un Instituto (2008)</title>
		<link>http://pablohelguera.net/2008/09/historias-de-un-instituto-2008/</link>
		<comments>http://pablohelguera.net/2008/09/historias-de-un-instituto-2008/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 15 Sep 2008 15:06:31 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[
Text for Vice magazine about the Instituto de la Telenovela, also published in the Utne Reader in the fall of 2008 
Pablo Helguera
El Instituto de la Telenovela: en pos del melodrama global
  
En el verano de 1992, después de la caída de la Unión Soviética, la televisión estatal se encontraba en profunda transición; era necesario encontrar una [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><!--StartFragment--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">Text for Vice magazine about the Instituto de la Telenovela, also published in the Utne Reader in the fall of 2008 </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">Pablo Helguera</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"><strong>El Instituto de la Telenovela: en pos del melodrama global</strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">  </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">En el verano de 1992, después de la caída de la Unión Soviética, la televisión estatal se encontraba en profunda transición; era necesario encontrar una manera eficiente y económica de llenar los espacios televisivos que antes habían sido ocupados por programación oficial. Fue así como un productor del canal ruso Commonwealth Channel Ostankino decidió contratar los derechos de transmisión de <em>Los Ricos También Lloran</em></span><span lang="ES-TRAD">, una telenovela realizada a finales de los años setenta en México. La telenovela, en la que estelarizaban Verónica Castro y Rogelio Guerra, sigue el estereotipo narrativo clásico de los melodramas mexicanos de esa década: la protagonista es una mujer de clase baja enamorada del hijo de un millonario. Es un romance imposible dadas las distancias sociales – y raciales— que los separan. Y sin embargo, después de 249 episodios, los personajes sobrellevan esta y otras vicisitudes para finalmente unirse en matrimonio.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1027" type="#_x0000_t202"  style='position:absolute;margin-left:256.05pt;margin-top:135.2pt;width:162pt;  height:27pt;z-index:2' stroked="f" /><![endif]--></p>
<p> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">La telenovela fue lanzada al aire con el título de <em>Bogaty Toszhe Plachut</em></span><span lang="ES-TRAD">,<span>  </span>con un doblaje de bajo costo, en el que las voces originales de los actores se escuchan aún yuxtapuestas con las voces de los traductores rusos. Los productores de Ostakino imaginaron que la telenovela podría resultar popular; pero nunca habrían podido anticipar el grado de obsesión e histeria masiva que llegaría a suscitar. Los países ex-soviéticos pronto se volvieron adictos a la telenovela. Los peinados anticuados no parecían importar: los ojos verdes sumergidos en lágrimas de Verónica Castro se convirtieron en los ojos más famosos de Rusia.<span>  </span>Todas las ciudades se paralizaban al llegar la hora de la transmisión de la novela. El día de la transmisión del ultimo episodio de Los Ricos también Lloran fue día de luto general. Se estima que ese día aproximadamente 200 millones de rusos vieron la transmisión, convirtiendo al episodio en el programa más visto en un país en la historia de la televisión.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">*</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">Mi relación con las telenovelas, como la mayoría de los mexicanos, es compleja y contradictoria: por un lado las miramos con desprecio, como producto basura, y por otro secretamente las hemos visto de reojo y nos hemos dejado entretener por ellas, ya sea por un episodio o dos o como entrega absoluta por una narrativa particular o simplemente como parte de un aspecto cultural nuestro que ha entrado en nuestro subconsciente de una forma aún difícil de explicar. En mi caso, hay también una conexión familiar que no suelo confesar. El hermano de mi madre, Enrique Lizalde,<span>  </span>es actor de telenovela, y de hecho uno de los primeros protagonistas de las primeras producciones que realizó Televisa ( El Derecho de Nacer de 1966, por ejemplo). Mi Mamá decía en las tardes: “voy a ir a ver a tu tío”, y se ponía a planchar enfrente de la televisión hacia las cinco de la tarde—el “prime time” de las telenovelas. El pretexto de “ver a Enrique” era de hecho perfecto para justificar ver el programa cada tarde. Recuerdo haber visto “Chispita” en su totalidad, así como la primera edición de “Corazón Salvaje” y “Mundo de Juguete”. Enrique, quien aún trabaja en telenovelas (ahora por lo general como el padre del protagonista), aparecía con su clásica voz grave y actitud en extremo seria y un tanto amenazadora, prácticamente idéntica en todas las telenovelas.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">Muchos años después, en el verano del 2001, me encontraba viajando por la costa de Dalmacia cuando, en el tren, entablé una conversación con una niña bosnia de quince años.<span>  </span>“De donde eres?” me preguntó. Al enterarse que yo era de México, su rostro se iluminó: “mi actriz favorita es Jacqueline Andere!”. La niña procedió a recitar una serie de actores mexicanos de telenovela y de series a un nivel de detalle que me dejó atónito, desplegando un conocimiento que sería más apropiado de una vendedora de tortillas de la colonia Doctores. “¿Cómo es posible que sepas tanto de telenovelas mexicanas?”, le dije. “Todas las tardes las veo con mis amigas. Nos encantan y estamos aprendiendo español. ¿Cómo es Coyoacán? En una serie se ve muy agradable.”</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"><span> </span>Después de hablar un rato más y despedirse, me dijo:<span>  </span>“Eres muy afortunado de provenir de un país donde hay tan grandes artistas”.<span>  </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">No mucho tiempo después, al llegar a Zagreb y quedarme en casa de unos amigos, noté que la tía de uno de ellos estaba viendo “Esmeralda”. En la pantalla estaba el tío Enrique, traducido al Croata.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">*</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">El éxito rotundo de Los Ricos También Lloran a principio de los noventa marcó el principio de una década de globalización de la telenovela. Este éxito comercial fue de enorme beneficio para los gigantes televisivos de Mexico, Venezuela y Brasil, como Televisa y TVGlobo. En el caso de Televisa, las ventas de derechos de telenovelas se dispararon, llegando a países tan disímiles como Israel y Filipinas y produciendo cientos de miles de dólares en esa década. Estos eventos transformaron a la industria de la telenovela, que pronto asumió un nuevo papel global al comenzar a generar tramas e historias en contextos cada vez más exóticos ( de ahí que surgiera una preferencia por dramas en haciendas del siglo diecinueve).<span>  </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">Fue en ese viaje cuando decidí que sería necesario comenzar un proyecto que investigara el origen de esta obsesión global y las razones por las que un producto comercial de esta naturaleza , aparentemente arraigado en dramas tan locales, había alcanzado tales dimensiones de fanatismo internacional.<span>  </span>Sin saber que justo en esos momentos Nicolás Bourriaud estaba comenzando a promover su teoría del arte relacional, nació el Instituto de la Telenovela, un proyecto artístico que era parte instituto de investigación, parte instalación nomádica, y parte una telenovela por entregas. El objetivo sería establecer oficinas de tal instituto en diferentes países donde las telenovelas latinoamericanas han tenido un impacto particular, y a través de programas y otros proyectos, generar debates críticos acerca de las razones por la que esto se estaba dando. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">La fundación Televisa en México me permitió acceso a su archivo en avenida Chapultepec, donde había evidencia de algunos, escasos, programas que investigaban su propia autoconciencia histórica de la telenovela. En México, se podría decir que los tres nombres claves de la fundación de la telenovela fueron Emililo Azcárraga,<span>  </span>Ernesto Alonso y Valentín Pimstein. “El Tigre” Azcárraga, el dueño de Televisa,<span>  </span>marcó el plan comercial de las telenovelas en Latinoamérica y a través de ellas logró expander el alcance global de la televisión mexicana. Su decisión de defender el idioma español y no entrar en cuestiones de traducción fue en particular significativa. Alonso y Pimstein, por su parte, contribuyeon a armar la estructura dramática moderna de la telenovela. Pimstein, un imigrante chileno que se estableció en México, fue de las primeras personas que comenzó a implementar encuestas de audiencia para determinar los desenlaces de las historias, según se narra, yendo a mercados y otros lugares públicos para recoger opiniones. Una de sus frases más famosas de aquellos tiempos era: “si no lo hacemos así, mi sirvienta no lo entenderá.”</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">La primera ciudad donde establecí el instituto fue en Ljubljana, Eslovenia, en 2002, con ayuda del artista Tadej Pogacar que tenía un espacio llamado Galerija P74. Ljubljana, como la mayoría de las capitales de Europa del Este, tiene una arquitectura urbana del siglo diecinueve combinada con edificios desabridos de la era del comunismo, por lo general en una paleta de ocres y grises. La idea fue contrastar esos colores con un interior telenovelesco que utilizara la tradición del modernismo mexicano de Luis Barragán, con rosas mexicanos, azules y amarillos al estilo del hotel Camino Real. El resultado fue en extremo memorable para los eslovenos, uno de los cuales acabó pintando su casa de los mismos colores posteriormente.<span>  </span>Las telenovelas no eran en absoluto ajenas en Ljubljana; justo unos días antes la actriz principal de la telenovela “Esmeralda”, Leticia Calderón, visitó Ljubljana y fue recibida por aproximadamente mil personas en el aeropuerto ( dado el minusculo tamaño del país, mil personas es una cifra exorbitante).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_s1031" type="#_x0000_t202"  style='position:absolute;margin-left:238.05pt;margin-top:254pt;width:162pt;  height:27pt;z-index:6' stroked="f" /><![endif]--></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">Un caso similar se dio en Zagreb, Croacia, donde el instituto abrió sus puertas en la forma de un <em>Tequila Bar,</em></span><span lang="ES-TRAD"> bajo el título de “Telenovela Bar”.<span>  </span>Las mesas del bar eran a la vez vitrinas donde se mostraban objetos que de hecho constituían la exposición.<span>  </span>De inmediato, el bar se convirtió en un centro importante de sociabilidad. En Croacia se publica una revista, Gloria, que prácticamente está dedicada a las telenovelas latinoamericanas: los actores mexicanos son entrevistados en sus casas en las Lomas o San Angel, de la misma manera en que la revista Vanity Fair entrevistaría a Scarlett Johannson o Angelina Jolie. Un artista local propuso que organizáramos un taller sobre la telenovela. Al anunciarlo, pensé que recibiríamos un grupo de 10 personas cuando mucho. Pero el día del taller llegaron cerca de 100 personas, así como las cámaras de televisión local. El público extrañamente mezclado venía constituído de amas de casa de edad madura, así como de artistas conceptuales locales— una de las mezclas más extrañas de públicos que he presenciado— y sin embargo las discusiones fueron en extremo reveladoras: las amas de casa eran especialistas en el tema, y estaban en extremo familiarizadas con la noción de debatir los aspectos sociológicos de las telenovelas: en todo país, las telenovelas ofrecen material de discusión. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">Desde los primeros días de investigaciones del instituto comencé a notar patrones comunes en la manera en que cada país se relacionaba con las telenovelas, y a la vez, la manera en que la relación con las telenovelas revelaba algo acerca de cada país. Una investigadora canadiense, Dense Bombardier, lo describió perfectamente con su frase “Dame una telenovela y te daré una nación.”<span>  </span>En términos generales, sin embargo, las telenovelas implementan lo que el crítico Tomás Lopez-Pumarejo (mi teórico principal del instituto) describió como “el drama de la autoconciencia”: son historias que giran en torno a pregunas ontológicas de tipo “¿donde está mi hijo?” “¿dónde está mi amor?”</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">Hay una clara relación en la manera en que los melodramas telenovelescos exploran las tensiones sociales de un país y las convierten en terapia colectiva. Este proceso funcionó muy bien entre países que recién emergían del legado comunista, en busca de una especie de búsqueda psicológica donde se trataba de encontrar claridad en relación a los tabús de clase que habían dominado durante esa era &#8212; de manera que un drama centrado en la imposiblidad de un amor por razones sociales o económicas era en extremo poderoso.<span>  </span>Varios estudios de la época en que Los Ricos fueron transmitidos en Rusia indica que las series norteamericanas que también se transmitieron en esa época— como por ejemplo Dallas o Dynasty— si bien eran populares, nunca generaron el mismo nivel de interés debido a que los rusos no se identificaban con los problemas familiares de un millonario petrolero de Dallas. Los niveles altos de producción de esos programas tampoco parecieron importar; de ahí que productoras como Televisa no se preocuparan demasiado por invertir demasiado en la calidad de producción de cada episodio. Era el dramatismo, las emociones a flor de piel, y en parte el contexto exótico lo que le daba un atractivo especial a las telenovelas.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">La estructura dramática de la telenovela opera de maneras misteriosas, aludiendo a nuestros deseos o temores reprimidos, y en ocasiones generándolos.<span>  </span>El poder de persuasión de las telenovelas es precisamente su principio fundador. Todo comenzó en la década de los 30 en Chicago, cuado una compañía de detergentes decidió lanzar un comercial en el radio en el que aparecían una madre e hija discurriendo diferentes cosas, con la conversación siempre resultando en la compra o el uso del detergente. Con el tiempo, los diálogos entre estos personajes comenzaron a ser más elaborados, hasta el punto en que el comercial adquirió las proporciones de un programa en sí, pero siempre manteniendo al producto como el <em>leit motiv </em></span><span lang="ES-TRAD">de la acción. De ahí que surgiera el término <em>soap opera</em></span><span lang="ES-TRAD">,<span>  </span>pues se refería por un lado al anunciante original así como al melodrama desbordado del programa.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">El grado de persuasión psicológica de las telenovelas está bien documentado: la telenovela <em>Simplemente María</em></span><span lang="ES-TRAD">, que trataba de la manera en que una sirvienta lograba triunfar en la vida a través de comprar una máquina de coser y tomar clases nocturnas, generó la compra masiva de máquinas de coser en Perú;<span>  </span>en<span>  </span>Cáceres, España, se le hizo un monumento al personaje de la telenovela. La venta de tinte rubio para pelo se incrementa en países donde la actriz principal de una telenovela es rubia; un porcentaje importante de los nombres de niños rusos está basado en actores o personajes de telenovelas.<span>  </span>En Hungría se inició un fondo contra la ceguera como resultado de “Esmeralda”, que trata de la historia de una hermosa mujer ciega.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">El efecto educativo de las telenovelas ha generado iniciativas positivas, tales como campañas en Africa en forma de telenovelas para conscientizar al público en cuanto a problemas como el sida y la drogadicción. Sin embargo, la telenovela no es sino un producto comercial, y como tal, solo obedece intereses comerciales y no necesariamente altruistas. En la década de los noventa, está bien documentado que la alianza de Televisa con el partido revolucionario institucional resultó en una bonanza comercial para la televisora a cambio de generar programación telenovelesca sin contenido político y más profuso en las épocas en que había mayores tensiones en el pais. Como el vehículo comercial más efectivo jamás creado, la telenovela puede ser un gran instrumento demagógico.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">*</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">Una de las últimas paradas del instituto fue Cuba, el lugar que vio el nacimiento de la telenovela latinoamericana. Fue en Cuba donde, en los años cuarenta la tradición narrativa a nivel radial era la más rica, y el formato de la telenovela fue rápidamente adoptado. Asimismo, a principios de los años cincuenta Cuba contaba con la mayor cantidad de televisores per cápita que la mayoría de otros países, incluyendo Estados Unidos. En 1958 fue lanzada al aire la primera telenovela latinoamericana: <em>El derecho de nacer</em></span><span lang="ES-TRAD">, que trataba de un hombre blanco criado por una mujer negra, y la búsqueda de éste por su madre biológica. El tema de tensiones raciales que era lógico para la multi-racial sociedad cubana tuvo inmediata acogida en el resto de Latinoamérica.<span>  </span><em>El derecho</em></span><span lang="ES-TRAD"> es la telenovela que más se ha vuelto a producir a lo largo de las décadas.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">Cuando establecimos las oficinas del instituto en Cuba, el impacto fue automático. La televisión misma nos vino a entrevistar, y al día siguiente éramos famosos en Havana vieja. En Cuba la telenovela sigue siendo el medio de entretenimiento por autonomasia, dada la poca variedad de programación que provee la televisión estatal ( el canal gubernamental pasaba eternamente un documental de varias horas de duración, “Fidel en el Congo”.) La ausencia de crítica política era evidente, aunque de vez en cuando se permitía la transmisión de telenovelas de otros países que contenían crítica local, como es el caso de la telenovela colombiana “Betty la fea”, que causó sensación mundial y hoy se ha rehecho en Estados Unidos como “Ugly Betty”.<span>  </span>En un episodio de la novela, Betty, quien trabaja en una oficina, hace un comentario en relación a la economía del país, criticando al ministro de finanzas. Al día siguiente, los diarios colombianos iniciaron una seria arremetida al ministro, analizando las críticas de Betty. El personaje había adquirido el nivel de una figura política a nivel nacional.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">El Instituto organizó mesas redondas con especialistas, productores y actores, performances, publicaciones, lecturas dramáticas y exposiciones dentro de exposiciones, como fue el caso de las fotos de Stefan Ruiz quien documentó la extraña realidad fabricada de los estudios de las telenovelas de Televisa.<span>  </span>Paradójicamente, el instituto nunca llegó a abrirse en México, a pesar de ser el lugar donde todo el material se había originado. Yo mismo desistí de continuar el periplo del instituto, virando a otros temas y consciente que sería<span>  </span>una tarea de toda la vida el continuar viajando a países cada vez más remotos para analizar sus complejas relaciones con los melodramas televisivos. La telenovela también ha evolucionado, adquiriendo nuevos formatos dramáticos y actualizándose en los temas que incluyen la clonación y el 11 de septiembre. Enrique hace cada vez menos apariciones en la tele, y, quizá como él, yo también me he semi-jubilado del tema.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD">Pero, como sucede en el mundo de las telenovelas, siempre existe la posiblidad de una secuela, o un <em>remake</em></span><span lang="ES-TRAD">. ****</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-TRAD"> </span></p>
<p><!--EndFragment--></p>
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		<title>Chipilo</title>
		<link>http://pablohelguera.net/2008/06/chipilo/</link>
		<comments>http://pablohelguera.net/2008/06/chipilo/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 10 Jun 2008 10:49:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Essays]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Geography]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Language]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Memory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sociology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The Americas]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pablohelguera.net/?p=308</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[

(video, black and white, 15 min., 2008)
Chipilo is a documentary based on the story of a town of the same name, located in the vicinity of the city of Puebla, Mexico. Toward the last quarter of the XIXth century, the government of Porfirio Díaz sought to populate some areas of Mexican land with European immigrants, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="size-full wp-image-309 aligncenter" title="000017" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/000017.jpg" alt="000017" width="363" height="264" /><br />
<em></em></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">(video, black and white, 15 min., 2008)</p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><em>Chipilo</em> is a documentary based on the story of a town of the same name, located in the vicinity of the city of Puebla, Mexico. Toward the last quarter of the XIXth century, the government of Porfirio Díaz sought to populate some areas of Mexican land with European immigrants, with the hopes that these groups would enrich the culture and the economy of the region. Amongst these groups were a community of northern italians that spoke Veneto and agreed to settle in these new lands. The unusual geographic, social and political circumstances of this arrangement resulted in the italian settlers to remain in isolation without much other choice. To this day, most of the population of Chipilo speak the original Véneto dialect. Chipilo documents, in the original language, the story of this community that resulted from a utopian social experiment in XIXth Century Mexico.</p>
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		<title>The Metropolitan Opera Bathroom</title>
		<link>http://pablohelguera.net/2008/06/the-metropolitan-opera-bathroom/</link>
		<comments>http://pablohelguera.net/2008/06/the-metropolitan-opera-bathroom/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Jun 2008 19:00:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Performance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Public Art]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sound]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Humor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Music]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nonsense]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Opera]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Theater]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://pablohelguera.net/?p=62</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The Metropolitan Opera Bathroom consisted in a live recital -a capella, and au naturel- under the shower, on June 1, 2008, as part of the exhibition “Entree”, curated by Krista N. Saunders in a private apartment in New York’
s Upper West Side. More than 100 visitors had a chance to listen to arias from operas [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="attachment_572" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 410px"><img class="size-medium wp-image-572" title="Met bathroom" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2008/06/met-b-400x299.jpg" alt="Poster for The Metropolitan Opera Bathroom" width="400" height="299" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Poster for The Metropolitan Opera Bathroom</p></div>
<p>The Metropolitan Opera Bathroom consisted in a live recital -a capella, and au naturel- under the shower, on June 1, 2008, as part of the exhibition “Entree”, curated by Krista N. Saunders in a private apartment in New York’</p>
<p>s Upper West Side. More than 100 visitors had a chance to listen to arias from operas by Puccini, Verdi, Mozart, Leoncavallo, Bizet, and others, while the more daring were able to peek in at the performance behind the shower curtain.</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-573" title="audience-2" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2008/06/audience-2-400x266.jpg" alt="audience-2" width="400" height="266" /></p>

<a href='http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2008/06/met-b.jpg' title='Met bathroom'><img width="150" height="112" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2008/06/met-b-150x112.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail" alt="Poster for The Metropolitan Opera Bathroom" title="Met bathroom" /></a>
<a href='http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2008/06/audience-2.jpg' title='audience-2'><img width="150" height="100" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2008/06/audience-2-150x100.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail" alt="" title="audience-2" /></a>
<a href='http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/met-b.jpg' title='met-b'><img width="150" height="111" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/met-b-200x149.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail" alt="" title="met-b" /></a>
<a href='http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/img_6691.jpg' title='img_6691'><img width="150" height="112" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/img_6691-200x150.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail" alt="" title="img_6691" /></a>
<a href='http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/img_6692.jpg' title='img_6692'><img width="150" height="112" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/img_6692-200x150.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail" alt="" title="img_6692" /></a>
<a href='http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/img_6695.jpg' title='img_6695'><img width="150" height="112" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/img_6695-200x150.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail" alt="" title="img_6695" /></a>
<a href='http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/img_6672.jpg' title='img_6672'><img width="112" height="150" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/img_6672-150x200.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail" alt="" title="img_6672" /></a>
<a href='http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/img_6694.jpg' title='img_6694'><img width="112" height="150" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/img_6694-150x200.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail" alt="" title="img_6694" /></a>
<a href='http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/img_6685.jpg' title='img_6685'><img width="112" height="150" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/img_6685-150x200.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail" alt="" title="img_6685" /></a>
<a href='http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/img_6696.jpg' title='img_6696'><img width="112" height="150" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/img_6696-150x200.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail" alt="" title="img_6696" /></a>
<a href='http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/audience.jpg' title='audience'><img width="150" height="99" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/audience-200x133.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail" alt="" title="audience" /></a>
<a href='http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/audience-2.jpg' title='audience-2'><img width="150" height="99" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/audience-2-200x133.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail" alt="" title="audience-2" /></a>

<p><strong>Video</strong><br />
<embed width="400" height="300" src="http://pablohelguera.net/Pablo_Uploads/met-bathroom.qt" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"><param name="src" value="http://pablohelguera.net/Pablo_Uploads/met-bathroom.qt" /></object></p>
<p><object width="425" height="344" data="http://www.youtube.com/v/Pp75JW8D6mo&amp;hl=en&amp;fs=1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always" /><param name="src" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/Pp75JW8D6mo&amp;hl=en&amp;fs=1" /><param name="allowfullscreen" value="true" /></object></p>
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		<title>Orizaba/Twilight</title>
		<link>http://pablohelguera.net/2008/02/orizabatwilight/</link>
		<comments>http://pablohelguera.net/2008/02/orizabatwilight/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 10 Feb 2008 11:19:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Performance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Poetry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Mexico]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Works premiered at the exhibition
The Lining of Forgetting
Weatherspoon Museum
Greensboro, North Carolina
February 10-May 25, 2008
http://weatherspoon.uncg.edu
Orizaba (2008) is a performance work that utilizes the traditional image visualization processes of the art of memory as a compositional technique to reconstruct the rooms of a house in Mexico City, where I spent the first four years of my childhood [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="attachment_383" class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 365px"><img class="size-full wp-image-383" title="orizaba" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/orizaba.jpg" alt="Pablo Helguera, Orizaba, 2008 Performance Still" width="355" height="238" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Pablo Helguera, Orizaba, 2008 Performance Still</p></div>
<div id="attachment_384" class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 369px"><img class="size-full wp-image-384" title="village-of-helguera-low" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/village-of-helguera-low.jpg" alt="Ignacio Helguera / Pablo Helguera - Village of Helguera, Cantabria, 1951 ektachrom slide/video still, 2008" width="359" height="248" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Ignacio Helguera / Pablo Helguera - Village of Helguera, Cantabria, 1951 ektachrom slide/video still, 2008</p></div>
<p>Works premiered at the exhibition<br />
<em>The Lining of Forgetting</em><br />
Weatherspoon Museum<br />
Greensboro, North Carolina<br />
February 10-May 25, 2008</p>
<p>http://weatherspoon.uncg.edu</p>
<p><em>Orizaba</em> (2008) is a performance work that utilizes the traditional image visualization processes of the art of memory as a compositional technique to reconstruct the rooms of a house in Mexico City, where I spent the first four years of my childhood and of which I only retain fragmentary and suggested memories. The narrative, constructed as a poem with seven sections, establishes in the first section the images of twelve areas of the house with a number of corresponding images to each, and later developing in the subsequent sections with a visual and verbal variations of those images and spaces, in a similar way to the musical format of the fugue.</p>
<p><em>Twilight</em> (2008) is a video that presents the ektachrome slides taken by my grandfather, Iganacio Helguera, in a trip he made to Europe shortly after World War II. With images of  depopulated city views, sunsets and landscapes. The video contains four alternative narratives which can be heard together or separately, which include memory images from the memory systems of Giordano Bruno, an essay on the role of collective memory in Europe after the war, and the actual description of Ignacio Helguera’s tourist journey to Europe when he took these images. The fourth sequence integrates the previous three narratives, also again in the format of the fugue.</p>
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		<title>The Witches of Tepoztlan</title>
		<link>http://pablohelguera.net/2007/03/the-witches-of-tepoztlan/</link>
		<comments>http://pablohelguera.net/2007/03/the-witches-of-tepoztlan/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 09 Mar 2007 11:07:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Books]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Performance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fiction]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Opera]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[http://www.pintobooks.com/booksintransTheWitches.html




An edgy Italian dandy at the turn of the century throws his piano from his balcony. A Mexican painter from colonial times drinks a potion that allows him to foresee the future.
A famous Syrian video maker dies mysteriously in the streets of Jerusalem. In 1977, a Spanish priest in Seville discovers a manuscript that turns [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a title="title at Jorge Pinto Books" href="hhttp://www.pintobooks.com/booksintransTheWitches.html">http://www.pintobooks.com/booksintransTheWitches.html</a></p>
<div class="graphic_generic_body_textbox_style_default">
<div>
<div class="Normal">
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">
An edgy Italian dandy at the turn of the century throws his piano from his balcony. A Mexican painter from colonial times drinks a potion that allows him to foresee the future.</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">A famous Syrian video maker dies mysteriously in the streets of Jerusalem. In 1977, a Spanish priest in Seville discovers a manuscript that turns out to be the first opera ever written in the Americas. A black gay composer writes an opera in the 1950s that predicts the downfall of the American empire. Following the dictation of Hermes Trismegistus, Giordano Bruno writes his masterpiece knowing that hey may be burned alive for it. The life of an Israeli soldier ends up in the hands of a small Palestinian girl. A young woman from a New England aristocratic family chooses to be buried alive rather than leaving her life of privilege.”*</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"><span>*Introduction to the book  </span><span>The Witches of Tepoztlán (and Other Unpublished Operas)</span></div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"><span>    </span></div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"><span>Title at Jorge Pinto Books </span></div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">This  project includes a published book, a video, four dioramas and several works on paper.</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"><span>The project revolves around the “biographies” and “works” of four opera composers who, according to the artist, “are so deeply forgotten in history that their very identity and their works could be questioned as having been entirely fabricated”. They include Enrico Camorelli (1868-1904), author of  <span>Il Processo di Giordano Bruno</span><span> (The Trial of Giordano Bruno), Mona Kassem (1995-?) author of the minimalist political work </span><span>Jahannam</span><span>, Anselmo Jiménez de la Rueda (1593-1674), author of </span><span>Las Brujas de Tepoztlán</span><span> (The Witches of Tepoztlán), and  Richard Pryce, (1915-1978), author of </span><span>The Connecticut Story</span><span>, a work written in the 1950s. </span><span>Both the exhibition and the book narrate and analyze the birth of these masterworks, all of them apparently misunderstood in their respective times. Making use of the characteristics of these four, dissimilar operas, of obscure background and dubious authorship, the exhibition components act as a four-part fugue corresponding to the three areas of the opera genre: lyrics/text, scenery and music.</span></p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p></span></div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">Regarding this project, the artist has written: “today, when we live in an academic environment where comparative aesthetics prevail, where self-referentiality is commonplace and where we still show signs of the fever caused by relational aesthetics, it is hard not to produce a work that may not somehow reference those subjects, as it is the case of this project, which humbly tries to make a small comment in this area”.</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">The exhibition also tries to formulate a series of questions regarding authorship and interpretation: what parts of a work that we know and we have lived can we attribute to its composer, its interpreters, its critics and its chroniclers? Isn’t each artwork a collective result of many interpretations and points of view? Where does the life of the author end and where does the life of the main character start, where does the author’s message end and starts the one of its interpreter? And, up to which point does the historic reinterpretation of a work becomes appropriation?</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"><span>Las Brujas de Tepoztlán</span><span> tries to put to test the premise and the conclusion that, if it is true that in this era “after the end of art”the originality of style is a moot point, the only thing left to do is the historic, aesthetic and circumstantial counterpoint, as it is proven by deejay culture. In the case of this exhibition, the artist goes back to the combinatory structure that serves as a legacy for this tradition: the baroque fugue, and in particular the work of J.S. Bach.</p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p></span></div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">Regarding this project, the artist adds: “this project is the result of the absolutely failed attempt to make a work speak by itself without the need of criticism, art history, or interpretation.  Maybe due to this fact the viewer and/or reader may experience the strange sensation that both in the book and in the exhibition the authors, interpreters, critics and characters merge and exchange roles, as if it was a game of musical chairs without the chairs, and with only one player that was all of them at the same time”</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">Anselmo Jiménez de la Rueda</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">Las Brujas de Tepoztlán</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">In 1977, at the church of La Soledad in Sevilla, the priest Carlos Vega discovered a manuscript written by a Mexican composer in 1654 under the title of The Witches of Tepoztlán. The work predates the earliest known opera in the Americas for half a century. Its author, Anselmo Jiménez de la Rueda  (1593-1674), was an instrument maker who was fond of hermetic thought and believed in the neoplatonic ideas around the secret relationship between harmony and the cosmos. In a trip to Venice, he happened to see the first performance of La Incoronazione di Poppea by Monteverdi,  and upon his return to the New Spain he attempted to replicate the same format in a composition. The result was Las Brujas de Tepoztlan, which is a comedy with musical interludes that ends in a tragedy. The opera narrates the story of Rinaldo, a painter from colonial times, who is in love with Dorotea, the daughter of the local Sheriff. Dorotea’s father favors her union with Rinaldo’s painting rival, Torrijos, which makes Rinaldo suffer. Rinaldo decides to visit a witch in Tepoztlan to get a remedy to forget his love. The witch provides him with a potion, but this winds up having the opposite effect and instead of forgetting the past, Rinaldo develops an ability to foresee the future. He envisions Mexico city in the XXth century. He also sees his own death and the marriage of Dorotea with Torrijos. He tries to prevent this by plotting to kill Torrijos, but he fails in the attempt, and Torrijos instead wounds him to death. While Rinaldo agonizes, Dorotea realizes that he is her true love. It is too late, but Rinaldo dies happy, as he has a final future vision of his posthumous recognition as an artist, and departs satisfied with the knowledge that he is truly loved.</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">The Witches of Tepoztlan was a colossal failure when it was first presented. Jimenez de la Rueda was severely criticized for his approach to the new forms and for the secular subject of his composition. What was worse, the inquisition prosecuted Jimenez and forced him to burn all his works. Fortunately, a copy of this opera survived, as Jimenez had mailed a copy of the manuscript to Seville in search of its publication.  But Jimenez stopped writing music. He was run over by a carriage in downtown Mexico City in 1674.</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"><span><img src="http://web.mac.com/phelguera/iWeb/Site/0C92350F-A854-4B21-BDC5-6E3DD365FF63_files/images.nypl.org.jpg" alt="" /></span></div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">Richard Pryce</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">The Connecticut Story</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"><span>Richard Pryce (1915-1978) was born in Alabama, from a very poor African-american family. He was an orphan and suffered many hardships throughout his childhood and adolescence. In his youth he moved to New Jersey and soon got involved in the jazz clubs of the Harlem Renaissance, where he soon proved to be an accomplished musician.  A man named Robert S. Woodsworth recognized Pryce’s talent and offered to pay for his studies at the Curtis Institute in Philadelphia, where Pryce had Samuel Barber and Ner Rorem as schoolmates. But being a black classical composer in America at that time was hard, and Pryce struggled a lot. His works revolve a lot around his relationship with the love of his live, Ernest Reade Thomas. It was with him as librettist when he wrote <span>The Connecticut Story</span><span>. Thomas was married and thus they conducted a tortuous secret relationship.</span></p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p></span></div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">The work is about the downfall of a rich Connecticut family that own a hotel in Old Greenwich, Connecticut, and the intense relationship between the hotel heiress, Emily, and the bell button capitain, Rick, who is black. In the fictional scenario of the opera, the U.S. has lost World War II.</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">This premise was not taken well at all by the public, and Pryce was pretty much alienated as a result. He was prosecuted by the Macarthysts under the accusation of being a communist. He tried to continue to compose, but his efforts didn’t produce many results.</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">Then Reade Thomas died. This was a terrible blow for Pryce, who pretty much stopped writing music. He moved to Chicago where he led a very quiet life, teaching music. He fell into alcoholism and depression, and died in bankruptcy. He was found dead at the restroom of Union Station in Chicago. In his coat he had a ticket to Old Greenwich, Connecticut.</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"><span><img src="http://web.mac.com/phelguera/iWeb/Site/0C92350F-A854-4B21-BDC5-6E3DD365FF63_files/kassem2.jpg" alt="" /></span></div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">Mona Kassem</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">Jahannam</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">Mona Kassem (1955-2004?) was born in Damascus, Syria, but her family emigrated to Dearborn, Michigan, when she was a young girl. After graduating from college, she moved to New York and became part of the downtown music scene of the eighties where he met Steve Reich and Philip Glass. She did a lot of early video, and became quickly recognized as a talented and provocative artist.  On one ocassion, she made a controversial work at the Whitney museum consisting on an Israeli torture school. As a result of the backlash for this work, she left the United States and moved to Amsterdam. Jahannam, written in 1989, was presented at BAM on that year, and tells the story of a young Palestinian girl who ends up meeting the Israeli soldier who has killed her father. Her work largely predicts the post-cold war tensions between the middle east and the west. Kassem left the artworld, under claims that she could no longer be involved in a community that was unable to effect self-criticism. She is believed to have been killed in 2004 in Jerusalem, as she was no longer seen upon a visit there.</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"><span><img src="http://web.mac.com/phelguera/iWeb/Site/0C92350F-A854-4B21-BDC5-6E3DD365FF63_files/IMG_1239.jpg" alt="" /></span></div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">Enrico Camorelli</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">Il Processo di Giordano Bruno</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">Enrico Camorelli (1868-1904), was a remarkable composer, pretty much without a precedent in the history of Italian opera.</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">It is particularly interesting that he never shared a finished composition with anyone. Il Processo Di Giordano Bruno was found amidst his papers after his early death at 35.</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">We know he spent endless hours in his studio, writing music. He would fall into despair while working because he was a perfectionist. One time he was so angry that he took his piano and threw it over the balcony, killing a horse passing by.</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">Camorelli was also interested in spirituality, and he was a philosopher. All these traits are seen in his only work and, his masterwork, Il Processo di Giordano Bruno  (the trial of Giordano Bruno). Giordano Bruno was an Italian philosopher interested in the occult, the art of memory and in mysticism. He claimed, amongst other things, that the universe was infinite, and the church burn him at the stake for this belief. The opera is about his trial, which took place in 1593. In the opera, Bruno is visited by a mysterious spirit that dictates him a book. This book becomes Bruno’s masterpiece, and it is entitled De Umbris Idearum ( “the shadow of ideas”).</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">It is possible that Camorelli may have identified himself with Bruno, as a misunderstood genius of his time.</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">The opera strarts in a more conventional way of the  opera structure of the time. It is influenced by Verismo, a music style favored by composers such as Leoncavallo and Mascagni. But then the opera turns in unexpected ways. When we think that it is over, when Bruno is burnt in the third act, there is a fourth act, where we see two anonymous characters criticizing the opera we just saw, and also they start arguing about Camorelli himself. It is the ultimate act of self-referentiality, which is very much part of contemporary artmaking today.</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">Camorelli is posing questions with this work to the viewer: when does the artwork stop speaking about itself and when does it become an object to be spoken about by the others? Camorelli, in this work, in a way subverts the whole Kantian aesthetic, blurring the boundaries between the author and the interpreter. Here the author is the interpreter of the work, as if he was eliminating the viewer itself.</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form">The last aria of the opera, Le Sfere Luminose, Bruno asks God to be granted one last vision of the totality of the universe. But this does not happen, and Bruno is then taken to his execution. The ending of the opera perhaps symbolizes this ultimate inability of the aritists to achieve total vision of his work, something which proved elusive both for Bruno and Camorelli.</div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> </div>
<div class="paragraph Free_Form"> 
<a href='http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/03/img_1170.jpg' title='img_1170'><img width="112" height="150" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/03/img_1170-112x150.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail" alt="" title="img_1170" /></a>
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<a href='http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/03/img_1189.jpg' title='img_1189'><img width="150" height="112" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/03/img_1189-150x112.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail" alt="" title="img_1189" /></a>
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</div>
</div>
</div>
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		<title>Marie Smith Jones</title>
		<link>http://pablohelguera.net/2006/05/marie-smith-jones/</link>
		<comments>http://pablohelguera.net/2006/05/marie-smith-jones/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 21 May 2006 23:18:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[
This video, which forms part of The School of Panamerican Unrest Project, documents an interview with Marie Smith Jones (1918-2008), last speaker of the Eyak language. The interview was made on May 21, 2006 in Anchorage, Alaska.
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: center;"><object width="400" height="300" data="http://pablohelguera.net/Pablo_Uploads/MSJclip.qt" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"><param name="src" value="http://pablohelguera.net/Pablo_Uploads/MSJclip.qt" /></object></p>
<p style="text-align: left;">This video, which forms part of The School of Panamerican Unrest Project, documents an interview with Marie Smith Jones (1918-2008), last speaker of the Eyak language. The interview was made on May 21, 2006 in Anchorage, Alaska.</p>
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		<title>The Ballad of William Walker</title>
		<link>http://pablohelguera.net/2006/02/the-ballad-of-william-walker/</link>
		<comments>http://pablohelguera.net/2006/02/the-ballad-of-william-walker/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 12 Feb 2006 00:02:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Performance]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[

(Video, 8 min., 2006)
Music and lyrics by Pablo Helguera
The Ballad of William Walker is a music video based on the story of American Filibuster William Walker, a soldier of fortune who in the XIXth Century unsuccessfully attempted to invade Central America and turn its land to the United States. The work is a comment on [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="size-full wp-image-453 aligncenter" title="main" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/main.jpg" alt="main" width="172" height="248" /><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-454" title="still-from-william-walker" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/still-from-william-walker.jpg" alt="still-from-william-walker" width="335" height="248" /><br />
<strong><br />
(Video, 8 min., 2006)<br />
Music and lyrics by Pablo Helguera</strong></p>
<p><em>The Ballad of William Walker</em> is a music video based on the story of American Filibuster William Walker, a soldier of fortune who in the XIXth Century unsuccessfully attempted to invade Central America and turn its land to the United States. The work is a comment on the ambivalent historic relationship with the U.S. that exists in the Central American region.</p>
<p>The work was exhibited as part of “Doubtful Strait”, organized by TeoRética in San José, Costa Rica.</p>
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		<title>How to Understand the Light on a Landscape (2005)</title>
		<link>http://pablohelguera.net/2005/02/how-to-understand-the-light-on-a-landscape/</link>
		<comments>http://pablohelguera.net/2005/02/how-to-understand-the-light-on-a-landscape/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 10 Feb 2005 11:31:47 +0000</pubDate>
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				<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[How to Understand the Light on a Landscape (video, 15 min., 2005) is a work that simulates a scientific documentary about light to discuss the experiential aspects of light as triggered by memory. The images and text below, taken from the video, are part of a forthcoming book published by the Institute of Cultural Inquiry, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>How to Understand the Light on a Landscape</em> (video, 15 min., 2005) is a work that simulates a scientific documentary about light to discuss the experiential aspects of light as triggered by memory. The images and text below, taken from the video, are part of a forthcoming book published by the Institute of Cultural Inquiry, entitled <em>Searching for Sebald</em>.</p>

<a href='http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/landscapes-4.jpg' title='landscapes-4'><img width="150" height="94" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/landscapes-4-150x94.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail" alt="" title="landscapes-4" /></a>
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<a href='http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/landscapes-1.jpg' title='landscapes-1'><img width="150" height="94" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/landscapes-1-150x94.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail" alt="" title="landscapes-1" /></a>
<a href='http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/landscapes-2.jpg' title='landscapes-2'><img width="150" height="100" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/landscapes-2-150x100.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail" alt="" title="landscapes-2" /></a>

<p><em>How to Understand the Light on a Landscape</em></p>
<p><em>To understand is to forget about loving.</em></p>
<p>—      Fernando Pessoa</p>
<p>For Luis Ignacio Helguera Soiné (1926-2005)</p>
<p>Light is understood as the electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength that is visible</p>
<p>to the eye. Yet, the precise nature of light, and the way it affects matter, is one of the key</p>
<p>questions of modern physics.</p>
<p>Due to wave-particle duality, light simultaneously exhibits properties of both waves and</p>
<p>particles that affect a physical space. There are many sources of light. A body at a given</p>
<p>temperature will emit a characteristic spectrum known as black body radiation.</p>
<p>The conjunction of a body present in the landscape, along with the interaction of the</p>
<p>light in the environment, produces an effect that in modern psychology we describe as</p>
<p>experience.</p>
<p>The conjunction of a random site, the accumulated data in the body’s memory that is</p>
<p>linked to emotion, and the general behavior of light form experience.</p>
<p>Experience is triggered by light, but not exclusively by the visible light of the electromagnetic</p>
<p>spectrum. What the human eye is incapable to perceive is absorbed by other</p>
<p>sensory parts of the body, which contribute to the perception that light causes an effect</p>
<p>that goes beyond the merely visual.</p>
<p>In our life span, we witness only a few limited emission incidents of light that intersect</p>
<p>with spontaneous receptivity of memory in specific places. They happen selectively</p>
<p>and in rapid sequences, at night, when a door opens, when we are very young, when we</p>
<p>drop off someone at the airport. They all, however, are inscribed by the behavior of light.</p>
<p>As we age and our receptivity declines, our eyes and body become denser material through</p>
<p>which there is a reduction of the speed of light, known as a decline in the refractive index</p>
<p>of memory.</p>
<p>The extent of the breeding behavior of experiential light is determined by the amount</p>
<p>of cyclical phenomena we have experienced, such as the slight humidity that signals</p>
<p>the transition of spring into summer. The refractive index of memory is mostly marked</p>
<p>by the unusually happy or sad periods of our lives, and the slow decline that gradually</p>
<p>dominates our perception. Forgetfulness gradually inhibits the experience of light, and</p>
<p>cannot be reversed.</p>
<p>The glow of heaviness, commonly known as somber light, appears in urban solitude</p>
<p>and often towards the end of the day. It is a particularly cruel light to experience, as it</p>
<p>stimulates attractive visions, like the singing of two women on a radiant evening but it</p>
<p>then reveals hidden anxieties that we may have about the end of things, as Homer</p>
<p>describes the fatal singing of the mermaids.</p>
<p>home light is too familiar to be seen. It is the kind of light that we first saw when we</p>
<p>were born and we always recognize, but often take for granted. Home light is highly</p>
<p>volatile light, and it often vanishes when it is named, as a dream that ends when we</p>
<p>dream that we are dreaming. There is no point in explaining this light, because it is too</p>
<p>familiar to the owner and too alien to all others. Yet a high experiential index is evident</p>
<p>when it’s there, ready to envelop us when we encounter it again wherever we go. We can</p>
<p>only know that we all have this kind of light in ourselves, as if in our pockets, ready to</p>
<p>come out at a critical moment.</p>
<p>There is the shining of large breath, full of itself, that enters with grandeur into a landscape,</p>
<p>uninvited, taking over the logic of everything, promoting the conjunction of belief</p>
<p>and fragility. It creates mythologies, and the belief that there is something greater than</p>
<p>us in a time that is ungraspable or far larger than our minuscule time in this world.</p>
<p>There is also a glow known as ghost light that can only be seen, like some apparitions,</p>
<p>in photographs, especially the snapshots taken by those who went through a long</p>
<p>trip or extenuating circumstances in their lives, such as returning from a bloody war,</p>
<p>escaping hunger and threat. It expresses an image of lonely liberty, where all is in order</p>
<p>but there is little that can be enjoyed with that order, as if what happened before had</p>
<p>affected the future of it all. It functions like a Swiss clock, harmonious but predictable.</p>
<p>There is the light of the deathbed, that lingers on for a long time after the incident,</p>
<p>and often takes the appearance of a rainy day, even many years later, like the widow that</p>
<p>will hold on to wearing black. It is a refracting light, the light of the permanent finality</p>
<p>of the moment that often creates the impression of letting us know something that we</p>
<p>didn’t know, just like an unopened letter found after many years. Its extremely old waves</p>
<p>appear to have a cool breeze, as if ready to inspire a Flemish painting.</p>
<p>Those who once read long 19th century novels often recognize rain light. It is often</p>
<p>seen from a train in motion, when it is arriving to a station that is not our destination,</p>
<p>and yet we feel there is something we are leaving behind, as if we had indeed lived</p>
<p>another life, or had developed a sense of belonging to those who we see getting off.</p>
<p>But there is also a tired glow on a cloudy summer afternoon right before or during</p>
<p>lunchtime, one that emerges after strenuous work by others but that we see when we</p>
<p>are doing nothing, or when we are resting. It is also similar to the light of the movie</p>
<p>matinee that we see with the fascination of remembering that it is still daytime after</p>
<p>we came from darkness. It also reminds us of food we ate a long time ago and the</p>
<p>extinct products and fashions from the time when we were kids.</p>
<p>There is a protective light that reminds us of the womb, of the time where we were</p>
<p>completely protected. This light inspires endless nostalgic yearning to attain that</p>
<p>protection again. Our obsession with protective light prevents us from growing and</p>
<p>makes us fear change. We wish we could be like that woman in a distant small city who</p>
<p>was born, married, and died on the same street. It is true that no velocity and amount of</p>
<p>experience can compare with the accumulated placement of experience in a single spot.</p>
<p>But due to the impossibility of being able to replace protective light, these attempts</p>
<p>derive in the light of the tourist, taking the same image all around the world, seeking</p>
<p>comfort in every place when in reality there is no comfort to be had.</p>
<p>Another source of satisfaction is the working light that signals many events that take</p>
<p>place on an everyday basis, like business lunches in city cafeterias, like going to the post</p>
<p>office, like all the activity proper of the midday urban sprawl, a dynamic, powerful light,</p>
<p>with the enthusiasm and perhaps strange mixture of happiness and melancholy we</p>
<p>used to feel in school when we were finally off for vacations but we would not get to see</p>
<p>our high school crush for the rest of the summer. We will know how to recognize this</p>
<p>sunlight when we see it slowly crawl through the walls until it disappears completely.</p>
<p>There is of course the artificial light. It is a light for waiting, a transitory light that</p>
<p>creates the impression that the actual moment doesn’t exist but rather a joining of</p>
<p>procedures that take us from one place to another, which we call the obligations of life.</p>
<p>artificial light crawls into our lives, and we tend to also see it on the outdoors, sometimes</p>
<p>exchanging it mentally for real sunlight. It makes us feel that every place is the</p>
<p>same to us because we are the same. Under artificial light, the strangers that we see in</p>
<p>the street soon start looking eerily familiar to us.</p>
<p>This is the light of the truly blind, where unreality is a perfectly kept lawn, an</p>
<p>undisturbed peace, and an organized tour to an exotic location where nothing happens.</p>
<p>This light constructed by official human communication is an empty airport, a constant</p>
<p>waiting room full of scheduled departures with no one in the planes and plenty of</p>
<p>flight simulations.</p>
<p>There is the light of adolescence, a blinding light that is similar to the one we feel</p>
<p>when we are asleep facing the sun and we feel its warmth but don’t see it directly.</p>
<p>Sometimes it marks the unplace, perhaps the commonality of all places or perhaps, for</p>
<p>those who are pessimists, the unplaceness of every location.</p>
<p>There is a sunday light, profoundly euphoric and unsettling, both because it reminds us</p>
<p>of leisure but also of Monday’s obligations; it is the one we used to read comic strips</p>
<p>with, while eating pancakes outdoors, or go to the store to buy coffee or watch the sports</p>
<p>on TV, a trustworthy companion light that seems to last, creating clear shadows and</p>
<p>warmth as well as a confident sense of the present — it is the only light that we enjoy</p>
<p>regardless of our age and never want it to ever go away.</p>
<p>There is a hotel light, of transitory nature, that generates unexpected and intense</p>
<p>responses especially to those whose happier memories have taken place at the garden or</p>
<p>swimming pool of a hotel. It often talks of fantasy worlds that are real just because we</p>
<p>let ourselves fall into the fantasy they offer, parentheses of light that can well be</p>
<p>captured in a snapshot.</p>
<p>Sometimes we experience the light of the last day, a kind of light that takes form</p>
<p>during farewells or moments of consciousness when we know that what we are looking</p>
<p>at that moment shall never be repeated, and that years from now we will be recalling</p>
<p>that moment. Moments of memory that are memories even in the moments when we</p>
<p>live them.</p>
<p>There is used light, light that has been lived by others, and we are always left with the</p>
<p>impression that we missed something important, like listening only to the very end</p>
<p>of a certain conversation, our constant expectation of a phone call that never arrived, or</p>
<p>the obsessive possibilities of an unrequited love.</p>
<p>Or the narrated light, the one that we only know by description and think that we</p>
<p>recognize it when we see it when it may always be an impossibility to get a glimpse of</p>
<p>its wilderness. It is a light of induced learning, as when we inherit memories from others</p>
<p>to the point of believing that they are memories of our own.</p>
<p>And it is in this light where that which is the farthest can suddenly appear very familiar,</p>
<p>even if we are in a medieval museum entering into the least observed gallery, when we</p>
<p>feel that we share a private life with the people from that time and we see them in our</p>
<p>dreams as hybrid beings of flesh and the corroded wood of a sculpted saint.</p>
<p>With this light we can also recall the thousands of pictures taken by our grandparents</p>
<p>during their honeymoon in Europe, landscapes and sunsets accumulated in tin boxes for</p>
<p>half a century.</p>
<p>Few are able to perceive transparent light, a light that hurts for unknown reasons,</p>
<p>perhaps because it is so clear that it allows us to see too much or because it stings our</p>
<p>consciousness, awakening images that we may prefer to forget.</p>
<p>And on the other end of the spectrum, there is the after light, a light of the past, which</p>
<p>are echoes from past experiences so intense that they sometimes appear in front of us in</p>
<p>the form of unexpected shadows. They hide on clear days under the roofs of houses. It is</p>
<p>believed to be the same light seen by people we knew many years ago that survives like</p>
<p>a message in a bottle, but always in a precarious way and often vanishes into thin air.</p>
<p>Light likes to introduce trouble and ask questions, forcing us to reconcile our thoughts</p>
<p>and decide how we feel — our mind makes photosynthesis out of its particles and we feel</p>
<p>we grow or diminish with it, going to sleep when there is no light, waking up when the</p>
<p>light comes back.</p>
<p>But ultimately, and given that our perception is generally faulty and dependent on</p>
<p>random associations, it is useless to try to categorize the different species of light on</p>
<p>the basis of personal experience as we do here, or to speak about a zoology of light that</p>
<p>results from the conjunction of landscapes and moving observers.</p>
<p>The intersection of our body with the light and the landscape and the coded form of</p>
<p>language that we have to construct by ourselves and explain to ourselves is our daily</p>
<p>ordeal, and we are free to choose to ignore and live without it, because there is nothing</p>
<p>we can do with this language other than talking to ourselves. There is no point in trying</p>
<p>to explain it to others because it is not designed to be this way, other than remaining</p>
<p>a remote, if equivalent, language.</p>
<p>Some for that reason prefer to construct empty spaces with nondescript imagery, and</p>
<p>thus be free of the seductive and nostalgic undecipherability of the landscape and</p>
<p>the light.</p>
<p>Or we may choose to openly embrace the darkness of light, and thus let ourselves</p>
<p>through the great gates of placehood, where we can finally accept the unexplainable</p>
<p>concreteness of our moments for what they are. There is no spirit, but rather a weak</p>
<p>string of perceptions, a line of coded language that writes a book to be read only by</p>
<p>ourselves, and be given meaning by ourselves and to ourselves.</p>
<p>When we know that we can’t truly speak about what we experience, we now arrive to</p>
<p>the edge of our understanding and the edge of our meanings. While on the other side</p>
<p>we may encounter others to talk to, they are much farther than we think, while we</p>
<p>are firmly set in here, holding on perhaps to one single image of which we may only</p>
<p>continue to hope to decode its meaning up the very last day when our memory serves</p>
<p>our mind, and our mind serves our feelings.</p>
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		<title>Alice Austen: Into the Light</title>
		<link>http://pablohelguera.net/2004/02/alice-austen-into-the-light/</link>
		<comments>http://pablohelguera.net/2004/02/alice-austen-into-the-light/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 11 Feb 2004 23:49:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Biography]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Feminism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[New York]]></category>

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Video, 12 min, 2004
Alice Austen is one of the most overlooked American photographers. Originary from Staten Island, where she lived all her life, Austen depicted the transcendentalist philosophy of her time, as well as the life and times of late XIXth century New Yorkers. But it was her photographs depicting herself dressed as a man [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-450" title="the-darned-club" src="http://pablohelguera.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/the-darned-club.jpg" alt="the-darned-club" width="300" height="240" align="center" /></p>
<p><strong>Video, 12 min, 2004</strong></p>
<p>Alice Austen is one of the most overlooked American photographers. Originary from Staten Island, where she lived all her life, Austen depicted the transcendentalist philosophy of her time, as well as the life and times of late XIXth century New Yorkers. But it was her photographs depicting herself dressed as a man and in intimate relationships with her friends that caused controversy. She still remains largely, and unfairly, forgotten. <em>Alice Austen: Into the Light </em>is a documentary on her life and her visionary work.</p>
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